Study of Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium Sulphate in Attenuation of Hemodynamic Responses During Tracheal Extubation

Background: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in adults are commonly associated with increase in arterial BP and HR. the objective is to observe the hemodynamic responses during tracheal extubation. Material and Methods: Following the endorsement of the Institutional Ethical Committee and the acquisition of written informed consent from the participants, this study was executed on 60 patients of both genders classified as ASA I and II, aged 20 to 50 years, who were slated for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia, and were randomly divided into two groups, group D and group M (30 in each). Patients in Group D were administered 0.7 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine diluted in 100 ml of Normal Saline (0.9% sodium chloride) over a span of 10 minutes during the closure of the port site skin. Results: The heart rate during and post-extubation in the Dexmedetomidine cohort was more effectively regulated than in the Magnesium sulfate cohort. The Dexmedetomidine cohort exhibited superior management of systolic blood pressure relative to the MgSO4 cohort during and post-extubation [P value less than 0.01], indicating statistical significance. The Dexmedetomidine cohort had a reduced occurrence of elevated diastolic blood pressure in comparison to the MgSO4 group during and following extubation. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine given at a dosage of 0.7 mcg/kg body weight prior to tracheal extubation proved to be more efficient in preserving hemodynamic stability.

Keywords: hemodynamic stability. Extubation; Dexmedetomidine; Magnesium Sulphat.