Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Glycaemic Dysregulation from Normal Glucose Regulation to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Vitamin D status has been associated with glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes, although the nature of this relationship remains incompletely understood. The objective is to compare serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations among individuals with normal glucose regulation, prediabetes and T2DM and to examine their relationship with glycaemic biomarkers. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in 300 adults of age group 18-60 yrs.Methods: Cross sectional comparative study of 300 adults (age group 18-60 yrs). The number of participants in the control and prediabetes-T2DM groups was equal. The following biochemical parameters were measured: 25(OH)D, FPG, HbA1C, fructosamine and GA. Results: Serum vitamin D levels were gradually reduced in controls (31.8±6.5 ng/mL), prediabetes (24.6±6.1 ng/mL) and T2DM (18.9±5.7 ng/mL). The overall difference was statistically significant (F=111.99; P<0.001). All pairwise mean differences were significant at P<0.001: 7.2 ng/mL between controls and prediabetes; 12.9 ng/mL between controls and T2DM; and 5.7 ng/mL between prediabetes and T2DM. Conclusion: This is an analysis of the literature on vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), HbA1c and glycaemic dysregulation.

Keywords: vitamin D; 25-hydroxyvitamin D; prediabetes; type 2 diabetes mellitus; HbA1c; glycaemic dysregulation.